Search results for "Hypolipidemic Agent"
showing 10 items of 83 documents
Fibrate induction of the adrenoleukodystrophy-related gene (ABCD2)
2001
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a neurodegenerative disease due to a defect in the ABCD1 (ALD) gene. ABCD1, and the two close homologues ABCD2 (ALDR) and ABCD3 (PMP70), are genes encoding ATP-binding cassette half-transporters of the peroxisomal membrane. As overexpression of the ABCD2 or ABCD3 gene can reverse the biochemical phenotype of X-ALD (reduced beta-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids), pharmacological induction of these partially redundant genes may represent a therapeutic approach to X-ALD. We previously reported that the ABCD2 and ABCD3 genes could be strongly induced by fibrates, which are hypolipidaemic drugs and peroxisome-proliferators in rodents. We provide e…
Correlation of Pharmacological Properties of a Group of Hypolipaemic Drugs by Molecular Topology
1996
Abstract This investigation was undertaken to test the ability of the molecular connectivity model to predict the percentage of plasma protein binding, the percentage of total cholesterol reduction and oral LD50 in rats of a group of hypolipaemic drugs using multi-variable regression equations with multiple correlation coefficients, standard error of estimate, degrees of freedom, F-Snedecor function values, Mallow's CP and Student's t-test as criteria of fit. Regression analyses showed that the molecular connectivity model predicts these properties. Corresponding stability (cross validation) studies were made on the selected prediction models which confirmed their goodness of fit. The resul…
Time-dependence and differential induction of rat and guinea pig peroxisomal beta-oxidation, palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase, cytosolic and microsomal epoxid…
1988
Fischer-344 rats and Hartley guinea pigs received a diet containing 0.01% (w/w), 0.05% (w/w), or 0.25% (w/w) of the hypolipidemic drug fenofibrate. Rats were treated for 4, 7, 14, or 21 days, and a clear dose-dependent and weak time-dependent increase in liver/body weight ratio was observed. The specific activity of peroxisomal beta-oxidation increased linearly with time at all concentrations used. A dose-dependent increase in cEH was observed, but the activity remained constant after treatment for 7 days. Enhancement of palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase was dose-dependent, but was similar at all 4 time points investigated. In contrast to the other enzyme activities, mEH was not or only minimally (le…
Fenofibrate effect on triglyceride and postprandial response of apolipoprotein A5 variants: the GOLDN study.
2007
Objective— Apolipoprotein A5 ( APOA5 ) is a key determinant of plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Genetic variation at the APOA5 locus could be responsible for some of the observed differences in response to fenofibrate therapy. Methods and Results— We examined the association between tag SNPs (−1131T>C and 56C>G) at APOA5 and TG and HDL-C response to fenofibrate and a postprandial lipid challenge in 791 men and women participating in the GOLDN study. After 3-week drug treatment, APOA5 56G carriers displayed significant decrease in TG ( P =0.006), and increase in HDL-C ( P =0.002) levels relative to their basal values in the fasting state when compared with noncarriers (a TG re…
Hypolipidaemic effects of fenofibrate and fasting in the herbivorous grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed a high-fat diet
2008
We investigated whether the hypolipidaemic effect of fenofibrate and fasting observed in most omnivorous mammals may also apply to herbivorous fish. Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed a high-fat (8 %) diet exhibited a marked increase in blood lipids and body fat after 6 weeks. They were then treated with fenofibrate (100 mg/kg body weight) in the same high-fat diet for 2 weeks, followed by fasting for 1 week. Plasma lipid concentration, body fat amount, fatty acid composition, plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and some parameters related to hepatic fatty acid oxidation were measured, and liver samples were stained for histological examination. Fenofibrate treatment decrea…
Residual cardiovascular risk of lipid origin. Components and pathophysiological aspects
2019
Abstract There is no doubt about the relationship between LDL-C and cardiovascular risk, as well as about the benefits of statin treatment. Once the objective of LDL-C has been achieved, the evidences that demonstrate the persistence of a high cardiovascular risk, a concept called residual risk, are notable. The residual risk of lipid origin is based on atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterised by an increase in triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, a decrease in HDL-C and qualitative alterations in LDL particles. The most commonly used measures to identify this dyslipidemia are based on the determination of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, non-HDL cholesterol and remaining …
An overview of statin-induced myopathy and perspectives for the future
2020
Introduction: Statins remain the most commonly prescribed lipid-lowering drug class for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Their well-recognized side effects are known as statin-associated muscle symptom (SAMS). Some advances in this field have been made in recent years, but the understanding of the mechanisms has lagged. Investigating the specific role of the anti-HMGCR autoantibody, pharmacokinetic genetic variants, characterization of the known phenotypes of statin toxicity, in relation to clinical markers of disease, is of high importance. Areas covered: We summarized currently available findings (on PubMed) related to SAMS and discussed the therapeutic approaches,…
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Atherosclerosis
2011
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) represent the family of 3 nuclear receptor isoforms-PPARα, -γ, and -δ/β, which are encoded by different genes. As lipid sensors, they are primarily involved in regulation of lipid metabolism and subsequently in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis considers accumulation of the cells and extracellular matrix in the vessel wall leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, atherothrombosis, and other vascular complications. Besides existence of natural ligands for PPARs, their more potent synthetic ligands are fibrates and thiazolidindiones. Future investigations should now focus on the mechanisms of PPARs activation, …
Sulodexide and the microcirculatory component in microphlebopathies.
1992
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out in 36 patients, aged 30 to 50 years, to evaluate the effectiveness of oral sulodexide in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency due to idiopathic varices. Patients were allocated at random to receive either oral sulodexide as 2 capsules (each containing 250 lipoproteinolipase releasing units) twice daily or 2 identical placebo capsules twice daily over a period of 45 days. Using strain gauge plethysmographic data, assessments were made of the microcirculatory effects of treatment by calculating the coefficient of capillary filtration from measurements made on both legs of each patient on entry and after 30 and 45 days of treatm…
Effects of gemfibrozil on insulin sensitivity and on haemostatic variables in hypertriglyceridemic patients.
2000
In order to assess the efficacy of gemfibrozil on lipid and haemostatic parameters in patients with plurimetabolic syndrome, a multicenter double-blind placebo controlled, parallel study was carried out in 56 patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia and glucose intolerance. These patients had elevated PAI activity and antigen and t-PA antigen levels at rest and after venous occlusion. Gemfibrozil reduced plasma triglyceride levels (P0.001), whereas it increased free fatty acids (P0.05) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P0.05). In those patients reaching normalization of plasma triglyceride levels (triglyceride reductionor =50%) (n=15), insulin levels (P0.05) as well as the …